Thursday, March 20, 2008

A Cry of Marginalization

Well, I'm not really sure how to write this, exactly, but here we go, regardless.

I happened to, most recently, get into an argument with a woman over autism, and specifically whether it should be cured. This is not unusual, and I have these discussions frequently.

This one, though, was different, and it was one of the few times I've really lost my temper with someone. I can heavily disagree with someone, and have done so before, but here I was quite honestly infuriated by some of the arguments. I'm not going to go through all of my replies and to the extent of what was being said (it can be found), but I did say it.

The argument, in essence, was about whether the conditions of autism warrant circumstances that would suggest its removal. I have said no, and I will consistently say no. But so long as the message is polite and civil, I will understand (and I think there are some legitimate arguments to that point).

This, though delivered most civilly, was no such argument. It was offensive in nature, by necessity, and I'll be the first to admit that there are some things that can be said about humanity, in a presumptuous, arrogant manner, that will get to me.

The argument? Basically, it goes as follows...

"Autistic people should not exist because they are not as happy and successful as other people"

I would hope that argument would infuriate. After all, it's categorically what has been used to suppress woman, blacks, and Jews at once. It's a stand in argument made by a majority whose social status has been preferential, and it demeans every other person below them to a lower moral standard. It delves into social Darwinisim at its finest. Whoever has been given the most and has the most for this structure is better and deserves to live by that nature. Those who aren't as equipped, don't.

I would have thought that would infuriate. And yet, someone consistently says it, time and time again, and it just is taken as appropriate.

I mean, why? Happiness shouldn't be a moral preferential, it's horrible as such. Happy people, those with the right resources and circumstances, are to be valued above those who don't, based on those right resources and circumstances? Asides from the fact that the conclusion is absurd (for the highest moral pinnacle would be a dose of methamphetamine, though it would bring a moral low), it's preferential in the extreme to circumstances that are never different. The one way you can be secure in the world is where there are no conflicts or contradictions, where everything is singular and the same. But is that a world to hope for?

Now, that's not to say I don't think finding happiness through a considered acceptance of the nuances and difficulties of the world is a bad thing. Quite the contrary, honestly. But I think it is valuable for that consideration and for that journey, and without the kind of conflicts that are engendered by differences, by the new perspective caused by another, for the process of accomplishment, that the happiness engendered by simple pleasure and relief of not having conflicts is shallow and meaningless.

In any event, it's not moral grounds to eliminate people with! Asides from the fact that, at its full conclusion for me, it paints altruism as a viable defense to murder based on the difference of the murdered, it creates a circumstance in which the only goal in life is to be happy, and that it is fiercely unintellectual, because intellectualism is not a great way to happiness. Frankly, I like these distinctions in the world, and an quite shocked that someone would want to eliminate another, pretty harmless perspective on the grounds of the person's own self.


But all of this pales, for me, when you start using the terms of success. I'm not thinking of a better way to demean someone right off the top of my head.

I mean, think about that. Morally, people who have gotten certain milestones (let's take this argument at its safest, so we'll say that it is the goals of the individuals) have a moral authority over those who don't. To look at that more sharply, let's take a heated political race for, oh, the mayor of a town. One candidate uses every ad hominem, dirty trick, lie he can think of, in order to win the election. The other runs a smooth campaign based on principles, refusing to cross certain lines. Both want the job equally, but the former wins. He now has moral authority in this circumstance!

Worst of this was the suggestion that came after was that people couldn't accomplish these things because of, essentially, neurological deficiencies. But would we dare call the latter person deficient? I would dare hope not! Just because the person adopted a certain, different framework through which to view the world should not make her "neurologically deficient".

That may sound incidental, but it has fairly universal applications. People who go off the beaten path tend to have a harder time, and yet what they experience and understand for that should not be demeaned based on a subjective socially inherited icon which we place on them. They may well place it on themselves, too. But it doesn't matter, because it's unrelated to the point.

Now, the person did say that based on their goals, but this almost assumes that people's neurological condition and nothing else influences certain outcomes. And, yet, traditionally speaking, no matter how much two kids, one African American and one Caucasian, are going to be fit for that position they both so badly want, the Caucasian will have a far better chance (note traditionally at the start of that sentence!).

For me, it's a horrible construction. It's the kind of thinking about people, within these narrow, subjective categories, which causes things like people my age having severe image issues, or representation issues of marginalized groups. Which brings me right to where I wanted.

Right now, it is clear that the language against autistics has not reached the level of consideration it has for most groups, and it's painfully clear with things like this. This language would never have been tolerated like in a race context since the Civil Rights movement, and yet it's used here, plain as day. It's amazing, honestly. It's harmful language that most people would say that we, as a society, have attempted to move past, and it's thrown right in my face like this. And I have no right to be angry about this?

I wonder now about how many such groups are never getting out the door like autistics. How many can't have legitimate, angry feelings about being so horribly marginalized. How many more we, as a society, have failed up to this point so poorly.

Advocacy really needs to do a better job. No, we as people need to do a better job than this.

9 comments:

kristina said...

I've been following the back and forth---I always notes your patience in responding and your willingness to consider opposing arguments carefully. I wish people woul not get so fixated on the notion of a cure---it just seems the wrong model, and the reason for some very questionable treatments, and suggests a failure to acknowledge difference.

Cliff Schumacher said...

Thank you for the kind words, even when I indeed become a little angry, though I will say that it was a completely justifiable anger.

I was talking to someone at school who has dyslexia, and was particularly active in trying to create policy for dyslexics.

Apparently, judging from his words, dyslexia advocacy is far and away more advanced in these terms, because he was quite shocked by my description of some of the language about curation that is used in relation to autism. He even asked me how I dealt with it on daily basis.

It was a good question, really. Perhaps I'm a cynic far too many years younger, but I don't usually get this offended by a certain idea frame. Usually, of course, being the operative word.

Ah, well.

Cliff

Laura said...

Hi Cliff,
I'm so sorry. I can only imagine what it's like to be on the receiving end of discrimination, and then to add insult to injury, for society to accept it. And don't apologize for having inflamed passions. That's a good thing.

Of course it's wrong to value a person based on his ability to be happy or successful. You argue that valuing a person based on his ability to be happy is unintellectual. So too is valuing a person by his success. History has shown that our greatest philosophy has come about in periods of economic depression. Material objects distract the mind, and muddy up the purity of our ideas. Arguably, a spartan existence is the key to great philosophical thought. I knew a philosophy doctoral student who didn't own furniture (not even a bed!), for this very reason.

Anyway, allow me to demonstrate why the existential framework I laid out DOESN'T necessarily lead to the adverse moral consequences articulated by this woman. Autism is a genetic condition, and the autistic traits are secondary. At issue is the nature of the secondary traits - disability, or a different way of looking at the world.

This woman obviously holds the belief that the autistic traits are disabling, and she wants to fix or cure them. Fix their unhappiness. Make it so they can succeed. As odious as this may sound to you, this is probably how 99.99% of people think about autism.

The key to conciling my existential framework with a better moral result (ie tolerance, acceptance and maybe even appreciation) is simple: education. People need to learn and understand that many autistics are high functioning and that even autistics who look and act like Amanda Baggs are not retarded and are in fact intelligent, and perhaps even more intelligent than neurotypical people. When people regard the autistic traits as just that - traits - and not as a disability, then they'll stop wanting to fix autism.

Cliff Schumacher said...

Thank you very much for the kind words, again. Two things here of note.

One is that when I said autism, I meant it in the broadest sense. Asperger's, autism, etc., all had to go. ALL of these individuals were not happy enough or successful enough to have living rights.

The other thing is that I never would have held a genetic model, though I disagree with it at points, to have held this kind of moral denouncement. In fact, it's far more credible in its own realm than this was, or ever should have been. It's kind of tangential to our discussion (so either form of identity politics can be beholden to this), but I safely thought that we could avoid that kind of discrimination in a philosophical discussion.

Glad I was right.

Cliff

A Woman of No Importance said...

That is not at all what I said, as I tried to explain. Now I see that you are quite young, and perhaps your reading comprehension needs development; I have a 16-year-old whose reading comprehension skills are still not fully mature, and certainly college enhanced my ability to understand the various nuances of verbal communication.

I never, ever, implied that "autistic people should not exist because they are not happy and successful." I have two children who are autistic, I may be autistic myself, and I would never feel or think such a horrible thing.

What I said, which you persist in misinterpreting in a way that seems deliberate, is that I consider autism to be a disorder when the person who has the condition believes it impairs his or her ability to succeed at whatever he or she chooses to attempt and feels that this impairment brings them unhappiness (which does not imply that if one is not unhappy, he must be happy) and that it is not one that can be overcome.

I do not value anyone less for being unhappy; I simply think people enjoy life less when they are unhappy. Nor do I believe I define success for anyone else; people define success for themselves. I noted that in my personal life and the lives of those around me with autism, I have observed significant unhappiness and frustration with what they see as an inability to succeed in pursuit of their personal goals.

As such, I said I would support finding a cure, assuming such a thing was more than academic, and it's not, because I believe if one were available, many would choose to take advantage of it.

I do believe autism is a disorder, clearly you disagree. But that does not mean I think people who have it should not exist any more than I think people with any other disorder for which one would like to see a cure should not exist. What a preposterous conclusion for you to make.

You believe that you are who you are inside because of autism, something with which I did not agree. I believe there are fundamental characteristics of who we are that exist independent of being autistic. Science cannot lend support to this question in either direction.

You see curing autism as eliminating a person; I do not. I see curing autism as limiting some of the executive functioning and processing problems that my children have but that they would still be bright children who care about animals, like videogames, enjoy mozzarella sticks, etc. I believe it would change how they behave but not who they are.

I'm sorry you cannot understand the difference. But if you think you are offended, I am certainly offended at your uncalled for extremely hostile responses, and I hope that age will lend you maturity and you will try to open your mind to the opinions of others and not fabricate things about them or their beliefs.

Cliff Schumacher said...

I'm sorry, but at the most basic level this,

"autistic people should not exist because they are not happy and successful."

and this,

"I do believe autism is a disorder, clearly you disagree. But that does not mean I think people who have it should not exist any more than I think people with any other disorder for which one would like to see a cure should not exist."

are not half as different as you make them out to be. And it is presumptuous in the extreme to assume that I cannot see a difference and that you can. It's an epistemologically horrible argument, and while I can see why you think the way on the issue, I still believe it is a biased, hateful construction (doesn't say anything about you one way or the other, but the construct itself is that).

The only solid difference that your point makes and my representation has made is that you consistently put it in terms of the the individual. As I've said, an individual does not grow in a box. It's not aspirations, structure, and language pretensions don't favor the status quo. That doesn't validate your argument. Again, look two to the white child and black child. This presumption damns the latter and validates the former, and inherently hateful argument even based on their own desires.

And if a mode of thinking (it is a different mode of thinking, and we can see this; there is a different frame of associational connectivity, perceptual understanding, and concentration-type differences) doesn't qualify for a different person, I'm sorry, but unless you're positing some reductionist physicalist based on all of the systems (which is absurd in and of itself), its simply an inherent value statement, and we're back at prejudice.

As much as you clearly disagree with me, using simply status (age, neurological condition) to refute me is inappropriate. Honestly, I am using a legitimate mind and mode of thinking and find your arguments inherently discriminatory and hateful, and I'm not the only one who believes this.

Just because you did not explicitly state something, does not mean that its assumptions are not there. And I don't care if you use a rational argument, if one of the presumptions in the premise is that your race is superior, it's a hateful argument (as an example, as an example).

Feminists are able to speak to that. Am I not allowed to?

Cliff

Cliff Schumacher said...

Err... I made a phrasal error. Under the quotations, it should read as follows,

"are not half as distinct as you seem to make them in your argument, and tend toward the former."

Cliff

The Wandering Author said...

Cliff, I just found your blog. I am tempted to go off on a rant myself; the opinions you object to are ones that set me off, too, for different but similar reasons. But I'll try to stay calm, instead, to let you know not everyone sees you in such a light.

You are a human being, as valuable as any other, and anyone who respects you as a human being must also respect your choice to be the person you choose to be. I am glad to discover your well thought out opinions, and to see you standing up for decency and tolerance.

As for "a woman of no importance", if she had ever been marginalised as you have been and continue to be, and as I have been for different reasons, she would understand your reaction at once. Her reaction of shock and disbelief at your reaction give her away - she is one of those annoying individuals who think they know what is best for everyone else, and who becomes offended when they discover "everyone else" doesn't necessarily agree with them.

Anonymous said...

Dear Woman of No Importance:

I regret by the time I am posting this, it is too late. I know no greater joy in life than than to be on the spectrum. I get to be myself and be understood. I probably have a more advanced degree (and therefore, more success in life) than most normal people, thanks to my ability to focus on something deeply and narrowly. Thanks to all the positive benefits of the spectrum, I have more symmetrical facial features, so I get to enjoy those benefits as well. I am probably more happy and more successful than most "normal" people. I bet that most normal people wouldn't even understand the concept of true love if it were in their face.

This monitor, and that lightbulb over your head? Thanks to someone on the spectrum who enjoyed making it, you are even able to read this.

Who would dare try to tell Cliff what to process or not to process on his blog? He is perfectly allowed to express his feelings on here! Who would dare to knock on his reading comprehension? He simply has the best and he is obviously one of the brightest persons we know. When a person gets emotional over something, that person only reads what they feel, regardless of whether they are on the spectrum or not. Cliff has done NOTHING wrong or deliberate. This is HIS blog, for his thoughts. Does a mother such as yourself have anything better to do than try to provoke one of the most wonderful persons on the spectrum? Cliff is WHO he is, as a whole (creative, brilliant, funny, passionate with a strong sense of social justice, a very large heart, courage, and extreme bravery, things that many on the spectrum do not have), and there is also WHO Cliff is with part of his spectrum gift wrapped up in there and all the little things there are to understand about him that come under his traits. Cliff totally deserves to have BOTH of those parts of him fullly validated, accepted, and understood.

For some, there are two distinct entities: Autism spectrum gift, and autism spectrum disorder. I have the former of the two. Autism: NOT always a disorder. Let me rephrase that.

Autism: a wonderful gift.